Edemede a na-akọwa njirimara 4 bụ isi nke sekit RF site na akụkụ anọ: interface RF, obere mgbama a na-atụ anya, nnukwu mgbaama nnyonye anya, na nnyonye anya sitere na ọwa dị n'akụkụ, na-enye ihe ndị dị mkpa chọrọ nlebara anya pụrụ iche na usoro nhazi PCB.
RF sekit simulation nke interface nke RF
Ihe nnyefe ikuku na nnata n'echiche a, enwere ike kewaa akụkụ abụọ nke isi ugboro yana ugboro redio.Ugboro dị mkpa nwere ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ nke mgbama ntinye nke onye na-ebufe ya na ọnụọgụ nke mgbaàmà mmepụta nke nnata.Bandband nke ugboro dị mkpa na-ekpebi ọnụego bụ isi nke data nwere ike ịgba na sistemụ.A na-eji oge dị mkpa eme ihe iji melite ntụkwasị obi nke data na-agafe na iji belata ibu nke onye na-ebufe na-ebufe na mgbasa ozi na-enye ọnụego data.Ya mere, imewe PCB nke sekit ugboro ugboro chọrọ ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma nke injinia nhazi mgbaàmà.Ihe sekit RF nke onye na-ebufe na-atụgharị ma na-ebuli akara mgbaama ugboro ugboro ahaziri na ọwa akọwapụtara ma tinye mgbaama a n'ime usoro mgbasa ozi.N'aka nke ọzọ, sekit RF nke nnata na-enweta akara ngosi site na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi wee tụgharịa ma weda ya ruo ugboro ole dị mkpa.
Ndị na-ebugharị nwere ebumnuche imewe PCB abụọ bụ isi: nke mbụ bụ na ha ga-ebunye otu ike ka ha na-eri obere ike enwere ike.Nke abụọ bụ na ha enweghị ike igbochi ọrụ nkịtị nke transceiver na ọwa dị n'akụkụ.Na okwu nke nnata, e nwere atọ isi PCB imewe ihe mgbaru ọsọ: mbụ, ha ga-n'ụzọ ziri ezi weghachi obere n'ókè;nke abụọ, ha ga-enwe ike iwepụ akara nnyonye anya n'èzí ọwa a chọrọ;ebe ikpeazụ bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka onye na-ebugharị, ha ga-eri obere ike.
RF sekit simulation nke nnukwu mgbaama na-etinye aka
Ndị nnata ga-enwerịrị mmetụta maka obere mgbaama, ọbụlagodi mgbe nnukwu mgbaama na-egbochi (blockers) dị.Ọnọdụ a na-ebilite mgbe ị na-agbalị ịnweta mgbama mgbasa ozi na-adịghị ike ma ọ bụ dị anya na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi dị ike na ọwa dị nso.Ihe mgbaàmà na-etinye aka nwere ike ịbụ 60 ruo 70 dB karịa mgbaàmà a na-atụ anya ya ma nwee ike igbochi nnabata nke mgbaàmà nkịtị na ntinye ntinye nke onye na-anabata ya na nnukwu mkpuchi ma ọ bụ site n'ime ka onye na-anata na-emepụta oke mkpọtụ dị na ya. ntinye ntinye.Nsogbu abụọ ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu nwere ike ime ma ọ bụrụ na onye nata, na ntinye ntinye, na-ebuba n'ime mpaghara nke adịghị adị site na isi iyi nke nnyonye anya.Iji zere nsogbu ndị a, n'ihu n'ihu nke nnata ga-adị nnọọ linear.
Ya mere, "linearity" bụkwa ihe dị mkpa nleba anya mgbe ị na-emepụta PCB nnata.Dị ka onye nata ya bụ sekit-band dị warara, ya mere, ihe na-adịghị ahụ anya bụ iji tụọ "ntụgharị intermodulation (intermodulation distortion)" na ọnụ ọgụgụ.Nke a na-agụnye iji sine abụọ ma ọ bụ cosine ebili mmiri nke yiri ya ma dị na etiti band (na band) iji chụba mgbama ntinye, wee tụọ ngwaahịa nke mgbagwoju anya intermodulation.N'ozuzu, SPICE bụ ngwa ịme anwansị na-ewe oge yana ọnụ ahịa n'ihi na ọ ga-emerịrị ọtụtụ okirikiri tupu ọ nweta mkpebi ugboro ole achọrọ iji ghọta mgbagha ahụ.
Simulation sekit RF nke obere mgbama achọrọ
Onye nnata ga-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu iji chọpụta obere akara ntinye.N'ozuzu, ike ntinye nke onye nnata nwere ike ịdị ntakịrị ka 1 μV.uche nke onye na-anata na-ejedebe site na ụda nke na-emepụta sekit ntinye ya.Ya mere, mkpọtụ bụ ihe dị mkpa nlebara anya mgbe ị na-emepụta ihe nnata maka PCB.Ọzọkwa, inwe ikike iji ngwa ịme anwansị bu amụma amụma dị mkpa.Ọgụgụ 1 bụ ihe nnata nke superheterodyne (superheterodyne).A na-ebu ụzọ enyocha akara ngosi enwetara ma emesia a na-eji ụda mkpọtụ dị ala (LNA) kwalite mgbaama ntinye.A na-eji oscillator mbụ mpaghara (LO) gwakọta ya na mgbaama a iji gbanwee mgbaama a ka ọ bụrụ oge etiti (Ọ BỤRỤ).Ịdị irè mkpọtụ sekit n'ihu (n'ihu-ọgwụgwụ) dabere na LNA, igwekota (igwekota) na LO.ọ bụ ezie na ojiji nke ot SPICE mkpọtụ analysis, ị nwere ike ịchọ LNA mkpọtụ, ma maka igwekota na LO, ọ bụ ihe na-abaghị uru, n'ihi na mkpọtụ na ndị a blocks, ga-a nnukwu LO mgbaàmà emetụta.
Obere mgbama ntinye na-achọ ka onye na-anata abawanye nke ukwuu, na-achọkarị uru dị ka 120 dB.Na uru dị elu dị otú ahụ, mgbaàmà ọ bụla jikọtara site na mmepụta (di na nwunye) azụ na ntinye nwere ike ịmepụta nsogbu.Ihe dị mkpa mere eji eji ụlọ ihe nleba anya nke ukwuu bụ na ọ na-enye ohere ka ekesa uru ahụ n'ọtụtụ ugboro iji belata ohere nke njikọta.Nke a na-emekwa ka ugboro LO nke mbụ dị iche na ugboro mgbama ntinye, nwere ike igbochi nnukwu nnyonye anya "mmetọ" na obere mgbama ntinye.
N'ihi ihe dị iche iche, na ụfọdụ usoro nkwurịta okwu ikuku, ntughari kpọmkwem (ntụgharị ozugbo) ma ọ bụ ime di iche (homodyne) ime ụlọ nwere ike dochie ultra-outer iche architecture.N'ime ihe owuwu a, a na-atụgharị akara ntinye RF ozugbo gaa na ugboro dị mkpa n'otu nzọụkwụ, nke mere na ọtụtụ n'ime uru a na-enweta n'ogo bụ isi na LO bụ otu ugboro dị ka mgbama ntinye.N'okwu a, a ghaghị ịghọta mmetụta nke obere njikọ njikọ na nkọwa zuru ezu nke "ụzọ mgbaàmà kpafuo" ga-eguzobe, dị ka: njikọ site na mkpụrụ, njikọ n'etiti akara ukwu ngwugwu na eriri solder (bondwire). , na njikọ site na njikọ eriri ọkụ.
RF Circuit Simulation nke nnyonye anya ọwa dị n'akụkụ
Ntughari na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na transmitter.Ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe nke onye na-ebugharị na-emepụta na sekit mmepụta nwere ike ime ka obosara ugboro nke mgbaàmà na-agbasa gafee ọwa dị n'akụkụ.A na-akpọ ihe omume a "ntụgharị spectral".Tupu mgbama ahụ erute n'ike ike nke nnyefe (PA), bandwit ya nwere oke;Otú ọ dị, "mgbagwoju anya n'etiti" na PA na-eme ka bandwit mụbaa ọzọ.Ọ bụrụ na bandwit na-abawanye nke ukwuu, onye na-ebugharị agaghị enwe ike izute ike chọrọ nke ọwa agbata obi ya.Mgbe ị na-ebufe mgbama modulation dijitalụ, ọ bụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume iji SPICE buru amụma uto nke ụdịdị dị iche iche.N'ihi na ihe dị ka akara ngosi dijitalụ 1000 (akara ngosi) nke ọrụ nnyefe ga-emerịrị iji nweta ụdịdị dị iche iche, yana ọ dịkwa mkpa ijikọ ndị na-ebu ụgbọ elu dị elu, ndị a ga-eme ka nyocha oge SPICE ghara ịdị irè.
Oge nzipu: Mar-31-2022